Overview
JavaScript leads Training & Certification's secondary barrier stack above the norm
| Value | |
|---|---|
| WAF | 93% |
| Antibot | 15% |
| CAPTCHA | 19% |
| JavaScript | 41% |
| Rate Limiting | 17% |
| TLS | 11% |
WAF at 93% is the dominant barrier. JavaScript (41%) leads secondary coverage. The remaining barriers sit materially lower, giving Training & Certification a narrow but defined secondary layer.
Barrier Landscape
WAF leads Training & Certification at 93% — JavaScript is the main secondary layer
| Value | |
|---|---|
| WAF | 93% |
| Antibot | 15% |
| CAPTCHA | 19% |
| JavaScript | 41% |
| Rate Limiting | 17% |
| TLS | 11% |
| Has robots.txt | 75% |
| Blocks AI crawlers | 7% |
WAF dominates at 93%. JavaScript (41%) leads active secondary barriers, followed by CAPTCHA (19%). The remaining three barriers all sit at or below 17% — a concentrated rather than broadly stacked profile.
Single-barrier configurations dominate Training & Certification — mostly WAF alone
| % of sites | |
|---|---|
| 0 barriers | 5% |
| 1 barrier | 42% |
| 2 barriers | 27% |
| 3 barriers | 13% |
| 4 barriers | 5% |
| 5 barriers | 7% |
| 6 barriers | 1% |
42% of Training & Certification sites carry exactly one barrier — almost always WAF. Two-barrier stacks add 27%. Just 26% of sites layer three or more defences.
Nearly all Training & Certification sites are Simple to access programmatically
| Mean recommended tier | |
|---|---|
| All sites | 1.14 |
A mean recommended tier of 1.14 and a median of Simple place Training & Certification among the most accessible sectors surveyed. 90% of sites are Simple to access; 2% require Moderate or above.
Simple tier covers more than three-quarters of Training & Certification sites
| % of sites | |
|---|---|
| 1 - Simple | 90% |
| 2 - Easy | 8% |
| 3 - Moderate | 1% |
| 4 - Complex | 0% |
| 5 - Advanced | 1% |
Simple (90%) is the most common tier. Simple and Easy together account for 98% of sites, while 1% land at Moderate and 1% at Complex or Advanced.
robots.txt
Around three-quarters of Training & Certification sites publish a robots.txt
| % of sites | |
|---|---|
| Publish a valid robots.txt | 75% |
75% of Training & Certification sites have a valid robots.txt. The remaining 25% leave crawl policy entirely undefined — a meaningful gap for a sector of this scale.
Training & Certification's robots.txt files show moderate engagement with named bot policy
| % of sites | |
|---|---|
| 0 | 32% |
| 1 | 46% |
| 2–4 | 9% |
| 5–9 | 7% |
| 10–15 | 2% |
| 16+ | 4% |
A mean of 12.6 named agents reflects moderate bot-policy investment in Training & Certification. 32% of sites name no agents; 4% name 16 or more. The median of 1 stays low.
SEO / search indexing and AI crawlers draw near-equal attention in Training & Certification robots.txt
| % of sites | |
|---|---|
| AI crawlers | 11% |
| SEO / search indexing | 14% |
| SEO audit tools | 9% |
| Commercial scrapers | 0% |
| Social / content scrapers | 1% |
| Archive / research crawlers | 4% |
| Monitoring / uptime bots | 0% |
SEO / search indexing appears in 14% of Training & Certification sites; AI crawlers in 11%. The near-equal split reflects a sector that treats both categories with comparable priority. Figures are percentages of all 100 sites.
Uniform per-agent rules dominate Training & Certification robots.txt files
| % of sites | |
|---|---|
| Uniform per-agent rules | 39% |
| Path-level mixed rules | 34% |
| Allow-only (no Disallow rules) | 2% |
| Mixed AI posture | 2% |
| Blanket Disallow: / | 0% |
Uniform per-agent rules lead at 39%, with path-level mixed rules at 34%. Mixed AI posture (2%) and blanket Disallow (0%) are minimal.
Googlebot and CCBot lead named Disallow rules in Training & Certification robots.txt
| Disallowed | Allowed (whitelisted) | |
|---|---|---|
| * | 63% | 34% |
| Googlebot | 7% | 5% |
| CCBot | 7% | 2% |
| Google-Extended | 5% | 2% |
| GPTBot | 5% | 1% |
| MJ12bot | 5% | — |
| Amazonbot | 5% | — |
| dotbot | 4% | — |
| Yandex | 3% | 1% |
| ClaudeBot | 4% | — |
| Sogou | 2% | 1% |
| Baiduspider | 3% | — |
| Baiduspider-video | 3% | — |
| BLEXBot | 3% | — |
| MSIECrawler | 3% | — |
| TurnitinBot | 3% | — |
| Yeti | 3% | — |
| Applebot-Extended | 3% | — |
| Bytespider | 3% | — |
| meta-externalagent | 3% | — |
| AdsBot-Google | 0% | 3% |
| AdsBot-Google-Mobile | 0% | 3% |
| GermCrawler | 2% | — |
| Anthropic-Bot | 1% | 1% |
| YandexBot | 2% | — |
Values are percentages of all 100 Training & Certification sites surveyed. The wildcard (*) leads at 63% Disallow. Among named agents, Googlebot and CCBot tie at the top of the Disallow list, each named on 7% of sites.
Industry Cohort
Training & Certification sits mid-table within the Education cohort
| WAF | Antibot | CAPTCHA | JavaScript | Rate Limit | TLS | robots.txt | Blocks AI | Tier | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distance Learning | 97% | 27% | 37% | 43% | 26% | 16% | 85% | 25% | Tier 2 |
| Education | 98% | 17% | 18% | 37% | 18% | 10% | 81% | 15% | Tier 2 |
| Foreign Language | 96% | 15% | 20% | 42% | 14% | 13% | 82% | 6% | Tier 1 |
| Libraries | 92% | 16% | 9% | 36% | 16% | 11% | 69% | 8% | Tier 1 |
| Reference | 81% | 15% | 17% | 31% | 16% | 3% | 60% | 17% | Tier 1 |
| Science | 90% | 15% | 11% | 35% | 15% | 9% | 79% | 10% | Tier 2 |
| Training & Certification | 93% | 15% | 19% | 41% | 17% | 11% | 75% | 7% | Tier 1 |
Across Education, Training & Certification's barrier rates are broadly in line with peers. WAF at 93%, JavaScript at 41%, and AI blocking at 7% all sit near the cohort median. Tier difficulty (mean 1.13) is above the group average.