What Is Web Scraping?
Web scraping, or scraping data from a website, is an automatic method to obtain large amounts of data from websites. It is one of the most efficient and useful ways to extract data from a website, especially in 2023. It has become an integral tool for many businesses and individuals due to its ability to quickly and efficiently gather information from the internet. It's particularly important for conducting market research, facilitating lead generation for sales and marketing teams, and enabling price monitoring for competitive retail and travel businesses.
Web scraping plays a pivotal role in supplying data for machine learning models, furthering the advancement of AI technology. For instance, scraping images from websites can feed computer vision algorithms, textual data can be used for natural language processing models, and customer behavior data can enhance recommendation systems. By automating the data collection process and scaling it to gather information from a wide range of sources, web scraping helps in creating robust, accurate, and well-trained AI models.
Web scraping is especially useful if the public website you want to get data from doesn’t have an API, or only provides limited access to web data.
In this article, we are going to shed some light on web scraping, here’s what you will learn:
What is web scraping?
Web scraping is the process of collecting unstructured and structured data in an automated manner. It’s also widely known as web data extraction or web data scraping.
Some of the main use cases of web scraping include price monitoring, price intelligence, news monitoring, lead generation, and market research among many others.
In general, it is used by people and businesses who want to make use of publicly available web data to generate valuable insights and make smarter decisions.
If you’ve ever copied and pasted information from a website, you’ve performed the same function as any web scraper, only you manually went through the data scraping process. Unlike the tedious process of extracting data by yourself, web scraping uses machine learning and intelligent automation to retrieve hundreds, millions, or even billions of extracted data points from the internet’s seemingly endless frontier.
Whether you’re using a web scraper to get web data or outsourcing the project to a web data extraction partner, you’ll need to know a bit more about the basics of web scraping or web data extraction.
The basics of web data extraction
A web scraper automates the process of extracting information from other websites, quickly and accurately. The data extracted is delivered in a structured format, making it easier to analyze and use in your projects. The process is extremely simple and works by way of two parts: a web crawler and a web scraper.
The web crawler is the horse, and the scraper is the chariot.
The crawler leads the scraper, as if by hand, through the internet, where it extracts the data requested.
Difference between web scraping and web crawling
The crawler
A web crawler, which we generally call a “spider,” is an artificial intelligence that browses the internet to index and search for content by following links and exploring. In many projects, you first “crawl” the web or one specific website to discover URLs which then you pass on to your scraper.
The scraper
A web scraper is a specialized tool designed to accurately and quickly extract data from a web page. Web data scraping tools vary widely in design and complexity, depending on the project.
An important part of every web scraper is the selectors that are used to find the data that you want to extract from the HTML file - usually, XPath, CSS selectors, regex, or a combination of them is applied.
Understanding the difference between a web crawler and a scraper will help you move forward with your web extraction projects.
Learn the difference between a web crawler and a web scraper
The web scraping process
Web scraping can be immensely valuable for generating insights. There are two ways to get web data:
Do it yourself using website scraping tools
This is what a general DIY web scraping process looks like:
Identify the target website
Collect URLs of the target pages
Make a request to these URLs to get the HTML of the page
Use locators to find the information in the HTML
Save the data in a JSON or CSV file or some other structured format
Simple enough, right? It is!
That is, if you just have a small project.
But unfortunately, there are quite a few challenges you need to tackle if you need to extract data at scale.
For example, maintaining data extraction tools and web scrapers if the website layout changes, managing proxies, executing javascript, or working around antibots. These are all technical problems that use up internal resources.
There are multiple open-source web scraping tools that you can use but they all have their limitations.
That’s part of the reason many businesses choose to outsource their web data projects.
Outsourcing with Zyte
Our team gathers your requirements regarding your project.
Our veteran team of web data scraping experts writes the scraper(s) and sets up the infrastructure to collect your data and structure it based on your requirements.
Finally, we deliver it in your desired format and desired frequency.
Ultimately, the flexibility and scalability of web scraping ensure your project parameters, no matter how specific, can be met with ease.
E-commerce business intelligence managers inform their retail unit with competitor pricing based on web-scraped insights, investors research, evaluate and analyze opportunities to invest, and marketing teams overwhelm the competition with deep insights, all thanks to the burgeoning adoption of web scraping as an intrinsic part of everyday business.
Outsourcing your web scraping is usually the way to go for companies that rely on insights from web data.
3 reasons why you should outsource your web scraping
High data quality - Web data providers like Zyte have state-of-the-art infrastructure, talented developers, and tons of experience that ensures there is no missing or incorrect data.
Low cost - Getting web data from expert providers can be expensive but compared to the cost of building an in-house infrastructure and hiring multiple developers and engineers, outsourcing is the more cost-effective option.
Legal Compliance - You may not be aware of all the dos and don't of web scraping but a web data provider with an in-house legal team certainly will. Outsourcing will ensure you always stay legally compliant.
Want to know more about how Zyte's web scraping expertise can add value to your web scraping project? Reach out to us.
Want to see how Zyte can power your business?
If you still want to try managing it in-house, you'll want to know about the tools that will help you access web data.
What is a web scraping tool?
A web scraping tool is a software program designed to extract (or ‘web scrape’) relevant data from websites. You’ll almost certainly be using some kind of web scraper to extract specific datasets when collecting relevant data from websites.
A scraping tool, or website scraper, is used as part of the web scraping process to make HTTP requests on a target website and extract web data from a page. It parses content that is publicly accessible and visible to users and rendered by the server as HTML.
Sometimes it also makes requests to internal application programming interfaces (APIs) for associated data – like product prices or contact details – that are stored in a database and delivered to a browser via HTTP requests.
There are various kinds of web scrapers and data extraction tools like Zyte Automatic Extraction, with capabilities that can be customized to suit different data extraction projects.
What is a web scraping tool used for?
You might need a web scraping tool to recognize unique HTML site structures, or extract data, reformat data, and store data from APIs.
Web scraping tools can be large frameworks designed for all kinds of typical scraping tasks, but you can also use general-purpose programming libraries and combine them to create a scraper.
For example, you might use an HTTP requests library - such as the Python-Requests library - and combine it with the Python BeautifulSoup library to scrape data from your page. Or you may use a dedicated framework that combines an HTTP client with an HTML parsing library.
One popular example is Scrapy, an open-source framework created for advanced scraping needs.
What can I use instead of a data scraping tool?
For all but the smallest projects, you’ll need some kind of automated web scraping tool or data extraction software to obtain information from websites.
In theory, you could manually cut and paste information from individual web pages into a spreadsheet or another document. But you’ll find this to be laborious, time-consuming, and error-prone if you’re trying to extract information from hundreds or thousands of pages.
Web scraping applications and website scrapers, automate the process, extracting the web data you need and formatting it in a structured format for storage and further processing.
Another route for data scraping, is actually buying the web data you need from a data services provider like Zyte, who will extract it on your behalf. This would be extremely useful for big projects involving tens of thousands of web pages.
The value of scraping data
Web scraping provides something really valuable that nothing else can: it gives you structured web data from any public website.
More than a modern convenience, the true power of web data scraping lies in its ability to build and power some of the world’s most revolutionary business applications.
‘Transformative’ doesn’t even begin to describe the way some companies use web-scraped data to enhance their operations, informing executive decisions all the way down to individual customer service experiences.
What is web scraping used for?
Price Intelligence
In our experience, price intelligence is the biggest use case for web scraping.
Extracting product and pricing information from e-commerce websites, then turning it into intelligence is an important part of modern e-commerce companies that want to make better pricing/marketing decisions based on data.
Web pricing data and price intelligence benefits:
Dynamic pricing
Revenue optimization
Competitor monitoring
Product trend monitoring
Brand and MAP compliance
Market research
Market research is critical – and should be driven by the most accurate information available. With data scraping, you get high quality, high volume, and highly insightful web-scraped data of every shape and size is fueling market analysis and business intelligence across the globe.
Market trend analysis
Market pricing
Optimizing point of entry
Research & development
Competitor monitoring
Alternative data for finance
Unearth alpha and radically create value with web data tailored specifically for investors.
The decision-making process has never been as informed, nor data as insightful – and the world’s leading firms are increasingly consuming web-scraped data, given its incredible strategic value.
Extracting Insights from SEC Filings
Estimating Company Fundamentals
Public Sentiment Integrations
News Monitoring
Real estate
The digital transformation of real estate in the past twenty years threatens to disrupt traditional firms and create powerful new players in the industry.
By incorporating web-scraped real estate data into everyday business, agents and brokerages can protect against top-down online competition and make informed decisions within the market.
Appraising Property Value
Monitoring Vacancy Rates
Estimating Rental Yields
Understanding Market Direction
News & content monitoring
Modern media can create outstanding value or an existential threat to your business - in a single news cycle.
If you’re a company that depends on timely news analyses, or a company that frequently appears in the news, web scraping news data is the ultimate solution for monitoring, aggregating, and parsing the most critical stories from your industry.
Investment Decision Making
Online Public Sentiment Analysis
Competitor Monitoring
Political Campaigns
Sentiment Analysis
Lead generation
Lead generation is a crucial marketing/sales activity for all businesses.
In the 2020 Hubspot report, 61% of inbound marketers said generating traffic and leads was their number 1 challenge. Fortunately, web data extraction can be used to get access to structured lead lists from the web.
Brand monitoring
In today’s highly competitive market, it's a top priority to protect your online reputation.
Whether you sell your products online and have a strict pricing policy that you need to enforce or just want to know how people perceive your products online,brand monitoring with web scraping can give you this kind of information.
Business automation
In some situations, it can be cumbersome to get access to your data. Maybe you need to extract data from a website that is your own or your partner’s in a structured way.
But there’s no easy internal way to do it and it makes sense to create a scraper and simply grab that data. As opposed to trying to work your way through complicated internal systems.
MAP monitoring
Minimum advertised price (MAP) monitoring is the standard practice to make sure a brand’s online prices are aligned with its pricing policy.
With tons of resellers and distributors, it’s impossible to monitor the prices manually.
That’s why web scraping comes in handy because you can keep an eye on your products’ prices without lifting a finger.
Other uses for web data extraction
The endless methods and applications for web data extraction don’t end there.
Web data scraping is widely used for:
News, journalism, and reputation monitoring
SEO Monitoring
Competitor analysis and risk management
Data-driven marketing and lead generation
Real estate, academic research, and much more.
How can I web scrape a site for free?
There are various free web data scraping solutions available to automate the process of scraping content and extracting data from the web. These range from simple point-and-click scraping solutions aimed at non-specialists to more powerful developer-focused applications with extensive configuration and management options.
If you’re viewing a website – just as you’re doing now – you could simply cut and paste the information you’re reading on screen into another document like a spreadsheet. It’s certainly one way of extracting web data for free. But collecting data and gathering information manually this way is slow, inefficient, and error-prone.
In practice you’ll be looking at ways to automate this process, allowing you to extract web data from multiple web pages – maybe thousands or millions of them per day – and organize the results in a structured format.
To achieve this you’ll need some kind of web data extraction tool, often known as a web scraper.
There are plenty of free web scraping solutions out there to extract data from the web. Some of these are dedicated applications aimed firmly at programmers, requiring a level of coding proficiency to configure and manage.
For those without coding knowledge, Google Sheets' "importHTML" function provides an easy and free option for importing data from HTML content. However, this method is very limited in its ability to scrape multiple pages and preprocessing.
For more complex web scraping needs, users can turn to Python code or online services that provide pre-built scripts for web extraction. These services can be useful for extracting data from a single page, but may not be ideal for scraping multiple pages or extracting more complex data. For these scenarios, coding knowledge is typically required to write custom scripts to access and extract the necessary data.
Ultimately, the best approach to web scraping depends on the specific project and the level of coding expertise available.
With that said, are free web scraping tools and web scrapers efficient?
They are ideal for non-specialists and hobbyists with moderate extraction needs.
There are also some easy-to-use scrapers that run as a browser extension or plug-in with a simple point-and-click interface. Less sophisticated than their developer-focused counterparts, they’re typically more limited in the variety and volume of data they let you scrape.
What is the right way for you to access web data?
Here at Zyte, we have been in the web scraping industry for 13 years. We make web scraping easy. With our services, we have helped web scrape data for more than 1,000 clients ranging from Government agencies and Fortune 100 companies to early-stage startups and individuals.
Our clients come to us so they can solely focus on making smart decisions and building their product while we provide them with quality web data. If timely and high-quality data is what you need, we can help you.
Want to see how Zyte can power your business?
How to scrape the web and access data more efficiently with Zyte API - an ultimate solution for data extraction
We have recently announced a powerful solution that makes web scraping a simple process. With Zyte API, users can scrape website data, extract relevant information, and store it in a structured form. The extracted data can be accessed and manipulated as required, and is returned in JSON format for ease of use.
Whether you want to integrate Zyte API into your own code or use it as a standalone tool, this online service eliminates the need to learn programming languages or coding for data manipulation. The API's point-and-click interface also eliminates the learning curve, enabling non-technical people to scrape websites easily, even those with infinite scroll.
It's the ideal solution for gathering data on product prices or sentiment analysis, and even works with sites that require user interaction.
Want to expand your web scraping knowledge?
Here are some of our best resources on how to scrape the web, and tools and services used for web scraping if you want to deepen your knowledge as a web scraper: